CrPC Section 391 = BNSS Section 432

Appellate Court May Take Further Evidence

अपीलीय न्यायालय अतिरिक्त साक्ष्य ले सकता है

Appeals No Change in Punishment Cognizable Bailable Updated: 2026-02-28

Overview

Section 391 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) dealt with appellate court may take further evidence. Under the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) 2023, this provision is now covered under Section 432. The BNSS reorganizes and modernizes the procedural framework while largely retaining the substantive provisions.

Hindi दण्ड प्रक्रिया संहिता (CrPC) की धारा 391 अपीलीय न्यायालय अतिरिक्त साक्ष्य ले सकता है से संबंधित थी। भारतीय नागरिक सुरक्षा संहिता (BNSS) 2023 के तहत, यह प्रावधान अब धारा 432 में शामिल है।

Side-by-Side Comparison

Aspect CrPC (Old) BNSS (New)
Section Number Section 391 Section 432
Title Appellate Court May Take Further Evidence Appellate Court May Take Further Evidence
Punishment N/A (Procedural) N/A (Procedural)
Cognizable Yes — Police can arrest without warrant
Bailable Yes — Bail is a matter of right
Compoundable No — Cannot be compounded/settled
Triable By Magistrate / Court of Session

Key Changes

  • Section number changed from CrPC 391 to BNSS 432
  • BNSS modernizes the procedural framework with updated terminology and structure
  • Substantive provisions remain largely the same with minor procedural refinements

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the BNSS equivalent of CrPC Section 391?

CrPC Section 391 (Appellate Court May Take Further Evidence) is now BNSS Section 432 under the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023, effective from July 1, 2024.

Has CrPC Section 391 changed under BNSS?

The core provision remains substantially the same under BNSS Section 432. The BNSS reorganizes the procedural code with updated language and some procedural refinements.

Legal Disclaimer

This CrPC-to-BNSS section comparison is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice. The mapping may not cover all nuances introduced by the new law. Always consult a qualified advocate or legal professional before relying on this information. For more details, see our Disclaimer.

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